1930

1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar).

Events

January-February

• February 18 - While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto
• February 18 - Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in an airplane and also the first cow to be milked in an airplane.

March

• March 2 - Mohandas Gandhi informs British viceroy of India that civil disobedience would begin nine days later
• March 5 - Danish painter Einar Wegener goes through a sexual reassignment surgery and takes the name Lili Elbe
• March 6 - first frozen foods of Clarence Birdseye go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
• March 12 - Mohandas Gandhi sets off to a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers to protest the British monopoly on salt - more will join them during the Salt March that ends on April 5
• March 28 - Constantinople and Angora change their names to Istanbul and Ankara
• March 29 - Heinrich Brüning is appointed German Reichskanzler
• March 31 - The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in motion pictures for the next forty years

April-May

• April 5 - In an act of civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi breaks British law after marching to the sea and making salt.
• April 6 - Hostess Twinkies are invented.
• April 21 - Fire in Ohio State Penitentiary near Columbus kills 320
• April 22 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
• April 28 - The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas.
• May 4/May 5 - Mohandas Gandhi is arrested again
• May 6 - The Great Salmas Earthquake in Iran; 7.3 on the Richter Scale and killed 4,000 people.
• May 10 - National Pan-Hellenic Council is founded.
• May 15 - Aboard a Boeing tri-motor, Ellen Church becomes the first airline stewardess (the flight was from Oakland, California to Chicago, Illinois).
• May 17 - French Prime Minister André Tardieu decides to withdraw the remaining French troops from the Rheinland. They depart by June 30
• May 20 - Sergei Eisenstein arrives in New York City
• May 24 - Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Australia becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
• May 30 - Sergei Eisenstein arrives in Hollywood to work for Paramount Pictures - they part ways by October

June-August

• June 9 - Chicago Tribune journalist Alfred Liddle is shot in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Newspapers promise $55,000 reward for information. Liddle is later found to have had contacts to organized crime
• June 17 - U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law.
• June 17 - Bonus Army: Around a thousand World War I veterans mass at the United States Capitol as the U.S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits.
• June 21 - One-year conscription comes into force in France
• July 5 - The Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican Christian bishops opens. This conference approved the use of artificial birth control in limited circumstances, marking a controversial turning point in Christian views on contraception.
• July 7 - Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland
• July 7 - Building of the Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam) is started.
• July 13 - The first Football World Cup starts: Lucien Laurent scores the first goal, for France against Mexico
• July 26 - Charles Creighton and James Hargis of Missouri begin their return journey to Los Angeles - driving 11 555 km using only a reverse gear. The trip lasts the next 42 days
• July 28 - Richard B. Bennett defeats William Lyon Mackenzie King in federal elections and becomes the Prime Minister of Canada
• July 30 - Uruguay beat Argentina 4-2 in the first soccer World Cup Final
• July 31 - The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time.
• August 7 - Richard Bedford Bennett becomes Canada's eleventh prime minister.
• August 9 - Betty Boop premiers in the animated film Dizzy Dishes.
• August 12 - Turkish troops move into Persia to fight Kurdish insurgents
• August 27 - Military junta takes over in Peru.

September-December

• September 6 - José Félix Uriburu makes a successful military coup, overthrowing Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina.
• September 8 - 3M begins marketing Scotch transparent tape.
• September 12 - Wilfred Rhodes end his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
• September 14 - National socialists win 107 seats in German parliament - 18.3% of all the votes makes them second largest party
• October 5 - British Airship R101 crashed in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage.
• October 24 - Brazil - Revolution of 1930 by Getúlio Dornelles Vargas
• November 1 - William Joseph Dess is born in New Castle, PA to Joseph and Mary Dess.
• November 2 - Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia.
• November 25 - An earthquake in the Izu Peninsula of Japan kills 223 people and destroys 650 buildings
• December 2 - Great Depression: US President Herbert Hoover goes before Congress and asks for a US$150 million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy.
• December 19 - Merapi volcano erupts - 1300 dead.
• December 24 - In London, Harry Grindell Matthews demonstrates his device to project pictures to the clouds.
• December 28 - Mohandas Gandhi leaves for Britain for negotiations.
• December 29 - Sir Muhammad Iqbal's presidential address in Allahabad introduces the Two-Nation Theory and outlines a vision for the creation of Pakistan.

Unknown dates

• British White Paper demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Palestine
• Rafael Leónidas Trujillo takes over in the Dominican Republic
• The Federal Bureau of Narcotics replaces the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit.
• Walther Bothe and H. Becker discover the neutron.
• Abkhazia and Georgia, autonomous republics of the Soviet Union, are merged.
• The University of Queensland starts the pitch drop experiment.
• Jake paralysis outbreak occurs in United States.
• Bernhard Schmidt invents the Schmidt Camera.[1]

Births

January

• January 2 - Julius LaRosa, American singer
• January 4 - Sorrell Booke, American actor (d. 1994)
• January 10 - Roy E. Disney, American film and television executive
• January 12 - Jennifer Johnston, Irish writer
• January 20 - Buzz Aldrin, American pilot and astronaut
• January 23 - Derek Walcott, West Indian writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• January 26 - John Straffen, British serial killer
• January 27 - Bobby Bland, American singer
• January 30 - Gene Hackman, American actor

February

• February 22 - Marni Nixon, American singer and actress
• February 27 - Joanne Woodward, American actress
• February 27 - Peter Stone, American writer (d. 2003)
• February 28 - Leon Neil Cooper, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

March

• March 3 - Heiner Geißler, German politician
• March 6 - Allison Hayes, American actress (d. 1977)
• March 6 - Lorin Maazel, French-born conductor
• March 7 - Antony Armstrong-Jones, Lord Snowdon
• March 10 - Claude Bolling, French jazz pianist and composer
• March 15 - Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• March 17 - James Irwin, astronaut (d. 1991)
• March 19 - Ornette Coleman, American musician
• March 20 - Willie Thrower, American football player
• March 22 - Pat Robertson, American televangelist
• March 22 - Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist
• March 24 - David Dacko, first President of the Central African Republic (d. 2003)
• March 24 - Steve McQueen, American actor, film director, and producer (d. 1980)
• March 25 - John Keel, American author
• March 26 - Sandra Day O'Connor, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (1981-2005)
• March 27 - David Janssen, American actor (d. 1980)
• March 28 - Jerome Isaac Friedman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• March 30 - John Astin, American actor
• March 30 - Rolf Harris, Australian-born entertainer
• March 30 - Peter Marshall, American game show host

April

• April 3 - Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator and Governor of Florida (d. 1998)
• April 3 - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany
• April 8 - Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma
• April 10 - Spede Pasanen, Finnish television personality (d. 2001)
• April 11 - Anton LaVey, American religious leader (d. 1997)
• April 15 - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland
• April 16 - Herbie Mann, American jazz flutist (d. 2003)
• April 21 - Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (d. 1989)
• April 24 - Richard Donner, American film director and producer
• April 25 - Paul Mazursky, American director and writer
• April 29 - Jean Rochefort, French actor

May

• May 4 - Roberta Peters, American soprano
• May 8 - Heather Harper, Irish soprano
• May 9 - Joan Sims, English actress (d. 2001)
• May 10 - Pat Summerall, American football player and broadcaster
• May 15 - Jasper Johns, American painter
• May 19 - Lorraine Hansberry, American playwright (d. 1965)
• May 21 - Malcolm Fraser, 22nd Prime Minister of Australia
• May 22 - John Barth, American writer
• May 22 - Harvey Milk, American politician and civil rights activist (d. 1978)
• May 31 - Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, and producer

June

• June 2 - Charles Conrad, astronaut (d. 1999)
• June 8 - Robert Aumann, German-born mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics
• June 9 - Monique Serf, French musician (d. 1997)
• June 12 - Jim Nabors, American actor, musician, and comedian
• June 17 - Brian Statham, English cricketer (d. 2000)
• June 19 - Gena Rowlands, American actress
• June 22 - Yuri Artyukhin, cosmonaut (d. 1998)
• June 24 - William B. Ziff, Jr., American publishing executive (d. 2006)
• June 27 - Ross Perot, American billionaire and politician

July

• July 2 - Carlos Menem, President of Argentina
• July 3 - Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
• July 4 - Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Armenian actor
• July 4 - George Steinbrenner, baseball team owner
• July 9 - Buddy Bregman, American musical arranger
• July 11 - Harold Bloom, American literary critic
• July 15 - Jacques Derrida, Algerian-born French literary critic (d. 2004)
• July 25 - Maureen Forrester, Canadian contralto
• July 25 - Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1985)
• July 28 - Jean Roba, Belgian comics author (d. 2006)

August

• August 1 - Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist
• August 5 - Neil Armstrong, astronaut
• August 6 - Abbey Lincoln, American singer
• August 12 - George Soros, Hungarian-born businessman
• August 17 - Ted Hughes, English poet (d. 1998)
• August 21 - Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (d. 2002)
• August 25 - Sean Connery, Scottish actor
• August 30 - Warren Buffett, American investor

September

• September 3 - Cherry Wilder, New Zealand author (d. 2002)
• September 7 - King Baudouin I of Belgium (d. 1993)
• September 16 - Anne Francis, American actress
• September 25 - Shel Silverstein, American author, poet, and humorist (d. 1999)
• September 26 - Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (d. 1966)
• September 30 - Ray Charles, American singer and musician (d. 2004)

October

• October 1 - Richard Harris, Irish actor (d. 2002)
• October 1 - Philippe Noiret, French actor (d. 2006)
• October 5 - Anne Haddy, Australian actress (d. 1999)
• October 5 - Pavel Popovich, cosmonaut
• October 5 - Reinhard Selten, German economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• October 6 - Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (d. 2000)
• October 8 - Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (d. 1996)
• October 10 - Yves Chauvin, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• October 10 - Harold Pinter, English playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
• October 11 - Sam Johnson, American politician
• October 17 - Robert Atkins, American nutritionist (d. 2003)
• October 28 - Bernie Ecclestone, English auto racing tycoon
• October 29 - Puck Brouwer, Dutch athlete (d. 2006)
• October 30 - Clifford Brown, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1956)
• October 30 - Timothy Findley, Canadian author (d. 2002)
• October 31 - Michael Collins, astronaut

November

• November 4 - Doris Roberts, American actress
• November 14 - Shirley Crabtree, British professional wrestler (d. 1997)
• November 14 - Edward White, astronaut (d. 1967)
• November 16 - Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer
• November 24 - Bob Friend, baseball player

December

• December 1 - Joachim Hoffmann, German historian (d. 2002)
• December 2 - Gary Becker, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• December 4 - Jim Hall, jazz guitarist
• December 6 - Daniel Lisulo, Prime Minister of Zambia (d. 2000)
• December 11 - Jean-Louis Trintignant, French actor
• December 11 - Jim Williams, American antique dealer and preservationist
• December 15 - Edna O'Brien, Irish writer
• December 21 - Adebayo Adedeji, Nigerian UN official

Date unknown

• Amelia Rosselli, Italian poet (d. 1996)
• Barney Glaser, American sociologist

Deaths

• February 14 - Sir Thomas MacKenzie, New Zealand Prime Minister and High Commissioner (b. 1854)
• February 23 - Horst Wessel, Nazi ideologue and composer (b. 1907)
• February 27 - Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (b. 1898)
• March 2 - D. H. Lawrence, English writer (b. 1885)
• March 6 - Alfred von Tirpitz, German politician and admiral (b. 1848)
• March 8 - William Howard Taft, President of the United States, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1857)
• March 12 - William George Barker, Canadian pilot
• March 19 - Arthur James Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
• March 24 - Eugeen Van Mieghem, Belgian painter (b. 1875)
• April 2 - Empress Zawditu of Ethiopia (b. 1876)
• April 21 - Robert Bridges, English poet (b. 1844)
• April 22 - Jeppe Aakjær, Danish poet and novelist (b. 1866)
• May 13 - Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1861)
• May 25 - Randall Thomas Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1848)
• June 5 - Pascin, Bulgarian painter (b. 1885)
• July 7 - Arthur Conan Doyle, British author (b. 1859)
• July 28 - Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1862)
• August 15 - Florian Cajori, Swiss-born historian of mathematics (b. 1859)
• August 29 - William Archibald Spooner, British scholar and Anglican priest (b. 1844)
• September 24 - William A. MacCorkle, Governor of West Virginia (b. 1857)
• October 26 - Harry Payne Whitney, American businessman and horse breeder (b. 1872)
• November 4 - Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)
• November 5 - Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician and pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1858)
• December 9 - Andrew "Rube" Foster, Negro League baseball player
• December 9 - Laura Muntz Lyall, Canadian painter (b. 1860)
• December 13 - Fritz Pregl, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
• Labor Activist Mary Harris Jones dies at age 93
• Arne Løchen, Norwegian philosopher

Nobel prizes

• Physics - Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
• Chemistry - Hans Fischer
• Physiology or Medicine - Karl Landsteiner
• Literature - Sinclair Lewis
• Peace - Archbishop Lars Olof Nathan Söderblom

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